P1 英译汉
When the African peguins Derek and Geirfugl were given their own room last spring, keepers at the Greensboro Science Center quetioned whether they liked each other enough to take their relationship to the next level.
去年春天，非洲企鹅迪瑞克和格夫格被安置在同一间房间。因为这意味这他们关系的升级，格林斯博罗科学中心的饲养员们想知道他们是否足够喜欢对方。
Derek was more interested in interacting with her human keepers than with other penguins. And when she did start to flirt with Geirfugl, leaning toward him and flicking her head back and forth, the male bird did not return the sentiment.
迪瑞克对与她的人类饲养员互动比与其他企鹅更感兴趣。而当她开始挑逗格夫格，把身子向他靠和把自己的头前后晃，那只公鸟却不回应。
By mid-September, though, the relationship had taken an amorous turn. On a recent afternoon, they nestled beside each other inside a plastic crate — on a nest containing two eggs.
不过到九月中旬，双方的关系发生了浪漫转折。不久前的一个下午，他们彼此依偎在一个塑料箱子里面——这箱子是他们的窝，里面有两个蛋。
“Geirfugl is actually a really good mate,” said Shannon Fletcher, a keeper at the science center. “He’s done all of the collecting for their nest box. He’s been very protective of her.”
“格夫格真是一个好丈夫”，科学中心的饲养员香农·弗莱彻（ Shannon Fletcher ）说。“他为他们自己的窝做了所有的收集工作。他一直很保护母企鹅。”
In the wild, African penguins, which inhabit the coast of South Africa and Namibia, choose their partners from a pool of thousands and mate for life. In captivity, the limited size of the colonies — and the need to perpetuate a genetically diverse species — make human intervention necessary.
在野外，非洲企鹅栖息在南非和纳米比亚沿岸。他们从数千个体的种群中选择性伴侣，而且持续终生。人工饲养条件下，种群的规模有限。为了延续物种的遗传多样性，人类不得不作出必要的干预。
The African penguin population has declined more than 60 percent over the past 30 years, and the species is now considered endangered. The Association of Zoos and Aquariums runs a “species survival” program among the nearly 50 facilities with African penguin colonies, including the science center here.
过去30年间，非洲企鹅的数量已下降了60％以上，该物种现在被认为是濒临灭绝。动物园和水族馆协会在近50个有非洲企鹅聚居的养殖场执行“物种保存”计划，这其中也包括本文提到的科学中心。
Scientists gather the genetic information on more than 800 birds held around the country and make breeding recommendations based on which are least related to one another. The facilities maintain “studbooks” that track the information and carry out prescribed breeding and transfer plans.
科学家收集在全国各地800多只企鹅的遗传信息，根据彼此相关最小的原则作出繁殖建议。各养殖场保存记录这些信息的“血统证书”，并进行设计好的养殖和转让计划。
One of the newer facilities to join the program, the Greensboro center started its penguin colony — now 17 birds — just over two years ago. As it turns out, while the science guiding the plan is fairly straightforward, penguin group dynamics are not.
作为“物种保存”计划的新成员，格林斯博罗中心在两年前开始繁殖他们的企鹅种群，现在已有17只企鹅。结果证明，虽然计划的指导原则相当简单，企鹅的繁殖却不简单。
Because penguin preferences rarely correspond exactly with species management plan mandates, the keepers are responsible for managing the penguins’ love lives, often by gently trying to convince certain birds that they fancy each other, while keeping other potential partners distracted.
由于企鹅的喜好取向很少与物种管理计划规定的取向完全一致，饲养员只好承担起安排企鹅爱情生活的责任。他们温柔地培养某两只企鹅的感情，不让他们倾心于其他潜在的合作伙伴。
Breeding healthy penguins is both a science and an art, said Steve Sarro, curator of the Smithsonian National Zoological Park and coordinator of the zoo association’s African penguin program.
培育健康的企鹅既是科学也是艺术，史蒂夫·萨洛（ Steve Sarro ）说。他是史密森国家动物园的馆长和动物园协会的非洲企鹅计划的协调员。
Completed in June 2013, the glass-walled penguin enclosure at the Greensboro science center contains a 9,500-gallon pool of water against a backdrop of faux granite rocks. The penguins here lead soap-opera lives, to hear their keepers tell it.
玻璃幕墙环绕的格林斯博罗科学中心企鹅馆于2013年6月落成，这里有一个9500加仑的水池和人造花岗岩的背景。这里的企鹅好像生活在由饲养员们导演的肥皂剧之中。
When Geirfugl was bonding with a bird named Kaapse, for example, the couple took nesting too far and began hoarding rocks from the exhibit — more than 100 pounds — in their nesting box, crushing a couple of eggs. After the keepers set them up in a room with a nesting box and a few token rocks, they turned out to be wonderful parents.
举例来说，格夫格曾经与一个名为“海角”的企鹅结合，这一对儿把窝做得太远，他们把石头从展室运往他们的窝，在巢箱里囤积了超过100磅的石头，压碎了好几个蛋。在饲养员将他们安置在另一个房间的巢箱里和放了几块带标记的岩石之后，他们过得很好，养育了不少后代。
In the wild, however, African penguins face continued threats, mostly from people. The collection of guano for fertilizer has deprived them of the material they use to build burrows. Oil spills in 1994 and 2000 killed 30,000 birds despite rehabilitation efforts. And commercial overfishing has forced the birds to swim much farther for food.
在野外，非洲企鹅面临持续的威胁，主要来自人类。鸟粪开采剥夺了他们修建洞穴的材料。1994年和2000年的石油泄漏，造成30000只企鹅死亡，尽管做了很多恢复工作也无济于事。过度的商业捕鱼迫使企鹅游到更远的地方去觅食。
“One hundred fifty years ago, there were millions in the wild,” said Mr. Sarro, of the Smithsonian. “Now we’re down to 18,000 breeding pairs.”
“一百五十年前，还有数以百万计的野生企鹅”，史密森的萨洛先生说。“现在我们只剩下18,000对可育种的企鹅。”
The association hopes captive colonies will act as ambassadors for their wild counterparts, building public support for conservation efforts.
该协会希望养殖场的动物能成为代表他们的野生同类的大使，为动物保护工作争取到公众支持。
P2 汉译英
高等教育在过去几十年的急速扩展是由强大的经济、社会和政治力量所驱动的。大家都认识到高等教育是对人力资本的重要投资，对经济增长影响深远。在经济全球一体化的情况下，很多国家的政府都愿意投资高等教育来增强竞争力。
There is powerful economic, social and political force that has driven rapid expansion in higher education in the last several decades. Higher education is viewed as important investment in human capital, which is essential to economic growth. In economic globalization, governments of many countries are willing to enhance competitiveness by investing in higher education.
除了经济上的考虑外，社会和政治团体在基础教育普及后，也大力支持高等教育的扩展。对中下阶层来说，高等教育是提升社会地位的重要途径；对弱势群体来说，高等教育的扩展提供了更多、更平等的受教育机会，也减少了社会不平等现象。
Besides economic considerations, social and political groups also intensify their effort to support the expansion of higher education in the wake of popularization of primary and secondary education. Higher education is recognized as an important channel for the rise of social status for the lower and middle classes. The expansion in higher education will provide great access and more equal opportunities to the under-privileged and reduce social equality.
改革开放以来，中国的高等教育获得了长足的发展，教育质量不断提高。至2010年底，全国高校在校生达到2144万人 。
Since the Reform and Opening-up, higher education in China has made remarkable progress and its quality has been continuously improved. By the end of 2010, there was a total enrolment of 21.44 million college students.
高等学校的办学水平进一步提高，科研实力增强，高校对国家经济建设和社会发展的贡献力度日益增大 。
The operation of higher education institutions has been further improved and their research capacity has been enhanced as well. The contribution of HEIs to national economic and social development has been increasingly expanded.
同时，中国是世界上出国留学生最多的国家。近20年来，共计有58万余名留学生赴103个国家和地区留学 。
Meanwhile, China is the country that sends the most students abroad for studies and researches. In the last 20 years, over five hundred and eighty thousand Chinese students have been sent to 103 countries and regions.
注：
英译汉部分译文来源（稍有修改）：
https://www.qqenglish.com/bn/15340.htm
汉译英译文来源：
张曦、杨丹《中级口译辅导》P94
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